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Making Sense of Planet Earth and Beyond
Level 6
Achievement Outcome 4:
Students can:
Report on an important natural resource in New Zealand, including its method of formation, location, and extraction, as appropriate, and any issues associated with its use.
Use the resource materials on ironsand to answer the following:
1. Is ironsand a mixture, a compound, or an element? Explain your answer.
2. Write a definition to explain the term mineral. Does ironsand fit this definition?
3. Why did early attempts to make iron from ironsand fail? How has this now been used to advantage?
4.Approximately 20% of the ironsand mined at North Head is sent to the Glenbrook steelmill after separation. What happens to the other 80% of the sand?
5. On the outline map of New Zealand:
i. show the distribution of ironsands, use colour and a key to indicate titanomagnetite and ilmenite deposits.
ii. mark the locations where ironsands have been, or are currently, being mined.
iii. show the size of the ironsand reserves at each location.
iv. mark the location of the Glenbrook steelmill.
v. mark in the locations of other significant resources required for steel production.
6. Describe and explain the differences in chemical makeup between the ironsands of the North and South Islands.
7. The formulas for the iron minerals found in ironsand are shown in the table below. Complete the table by filling in the empty spaces.
| MINERAL | FORMULA | ELEMENT | No. OF ATOMS |
| ilmenite | FeTiO3 | ||
| titanomagnetite | Fe2TiO4 |
8. What properties of ironsand enables it to be separated from other sands? Explain how this separation process operates.
9. List as many uses as you can for the products and byproducts of ironsand.
10. Briefly describe the environmental implications of mining and processing ironsand and the actions which are taken to minimize dfamage to the environment.
11. Complete the following flowchart by filling in the empty spaces to explain the formation of ironsands from the parent material.
Use the following words: deposition, erosion, weathering, parent material, transportation
12. Follow the flowchart for steel production at Glenbrook. Complete the diagram by filling in the gaps to indicate:
i. methods of separation of the ironsand resource
ii. resources used and their functions
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